10th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 6 | Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil nadu - TEXTBOOK EVALUATION with KEY ANSWERS

Early Revolts against
British Rule in Tamil nadu

I.    Choose the correct answer

1.    Who was the first Palayakkarars to resist the East India Company’s policy of territorial aggrandizement?

       a) Marudhu brothers

       b) Puli Thevar

       c) Velunachiyar

       d) Veera Pandya Kattabomman

       Ans: b) Puli Thevar

 

2.    Who had established close relationship with the three agents of Chanda Sahib?

       a) Velunachiyar

       b) Kattabomman

       c) Puli Thevar

       d) Oomaithurai

       Ans: c) Puli Thevar

 

3.    Where was Sivasubramaniar executed?

       a) Kayathar

       b) Nagalapuram

       c) Virupachi

       d) Panchalamkurichi

       Ans: b) Nagalapuram

 

4.    Who issued the Tiruchirappalli proclamation of Independence?

       a) Marudhu brothers

       b) Puli Thevar

       c) Veera Pandya Kattabomman

       d) Gopala Nayak

       Ans: a) Marudhu brothers

 

5.    When did the Vellore Revolt break out?

       a) 24 May 1805

       b) 10 July 1805

       c) 10 July 1806

       d) 10 September 1806

       Ans: c) 10 July 1806

 

6.    Who was the Commander in Chief responsible for the new military regulations in Vellore fort?

       a) Col. Fancourt

       b) Major Armstrong

       c) Sir John Cradock

       d) Colonel Agnew

       Ans: c) Sir John Cradock

 

7.    Where were the sons of Tipu Sultan sent after the Vellore Revolt?

       a) Calcutta

       b) Mumbai

       c) Delhi

       d) Mysore

       Ans: a) Calcutta

 

II. Fill in the blanks

1.    The Palayakkarars system was put in place in Tamil Nadu by _______.

2.    Velunachiyar and her daughter were under the protection of _____ for eight years.

3.    Bennerman deputed ____ to convey his message, asking Kattabomman to surrender.

4.    Kattabomman was hanged to death at _______.

5.    The Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers was categorized in the British records as the _______.

6.    _______ was declared the new Sultan by the rebels in Vellore Fort.

       Answers

1.     Viswanatha Nayakar

2.     Gopala Nayakar

3.     Ramalinganar

4.     Kayathar

5.     Second Palayakkarar War

6.     Fateh Hyder

 

III. Choose the correct statement

1.    i)     The Palayakkarars system was in practice in the Kakatiya Kingdom.

       ii)    Puli Thevar recaptured Nerkattumseval in 1764 after the death of Khan Sahib.

       iii)   Yusuf Khan who was negotiating with the Palayakkarars, without informing the Company administration was charged with treachery and hanged in 1764.

       iv)   Ondiveeran led one of the army units of Kattabomman.

       a)    (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct

       b)    (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

       c)     (iii) and (iv) are correct

       d)    (i) and (iv) are correct

       Ans: b) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

 

2.    i)     Under Colonel Campbell, the English Army went along with Mafuzkhan’s army

       ii)    After Muthuvadugar’s death in Kalaiyar Kovil battle, Marudhu Brothers assisted Velunachiyar in restoring the throne to her.

       iii)   Gopala Nayak spearheaded the famous Dindigul League

       iv)   In May 1799 Cornwallis ordered the advance of Company armies to Tirunelveli.

       a)    (i) and (ii) are correct

       b)    (ii) and (iii) are correct

       c)     (ii) , (iii) and (iv )are correct

       d)    (i) and (iv) are correct

       Ans : b) (ii) and (iii) are correct

 

3.    Assertion (A)       : PuliThevar tried to get the support of Hyder Ali and the French.

       Reason (R)           :  Hyder Ali could not help PuliThevar as he was already in a serious conflict with the Marathas.

       a)    Both (A) and (R) are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A

       b)    Both (A) and (R) are wrong

       c)     Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

       d)    (A) is wrong and (R) is correct

       Ans: c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

  

IV. Match the following

I		II		Answers
1	Theerthagiri	a	Vellore Revolt	e	Odanilai
2	Gopala Nayak	b	Ramalinganar	c	Dindigul
3	Bannerman	c	Dindigul	b	Ramalinganar
4	Subedar Sheik Adam	d	Vellore Fort	a	Vellore Revolt
5	Col. Fancourt	e	Odanilai	d	Vellore Fort

 

V. Answer the questions briefly

1.    What were the duties of the Palayakkarars?

v  The Palayakkarars had to collect revenue, administer the territory, settle disputes and maintain law and order.

v  Their police duties were known as Padikaval or Arasu kaval.

v  The Palayakkarars helped the Nayak rulers to restore the kingdom to them.

 

2.    Identify the Palayams based on the division of east and west.

v  There were two blocs namely the eastern bloc and the western bloc.

v  The eastern palayams included Sattur, Nagalapuram, Ettayapuram and Panchalamkurichi.

v  The western palayams included Uthumalai, Thalavankottai, Naduvakurichi, Singampatti and Seithur.

 

3.    What was the significance of the Battle of Kalakadu.

v  The nawab sent Mahfuzkhan to Tirunelveli with reinforced forces. He was supported by the sepoys of the Company and Nawab. He had the support of soldiers from the Carnatic.

v  But before he could station his troops near Kalakadu, 2000 soldiers from Travancore joined the forces of Puli Thevar.

v  In the battle of Kalakadu Mahfuzkhan’s troops were badly defeated.

 

4.    What was the bone of contention between the Company and Kattabomman?

v  Kattabomman was the palayakkarar of Panchalamkurichi.

v  The Company appointed its collectors to collect taxes from all the palayams.

v  The collectors humiliated the palayakkarars and adopted force to collect the taxes. This was the bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman.

 

5.    Highlight the essence of Tiruchirappalli Proclamation of 1801.

v  Tiruchirappalli Proclamation was issued by Marudhu brothers.

v  It was an early call to the Indians to unite against the British cutting across region, caste, creed and religion.

v  As a result of it many palayakkarars joined together to fight together against the English.

 

VI. Answer in detail

1.   Attempt an essay on the heroic fight Veerapandya Kattabomman conducted against the East India

       Company.

v  On the death of Jagavira Pandya, his son Kattabomman became the palayakkarar.

v  Conflicts arose between Kattabomman and the East India Company.

v  The collectors who had been appointed to collect taxes, humiliated the palayakkarars and adopted forces to collect taxes.

v  This was the bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman.

       Confrontation with Jackson:

v  Collector Jackson ordered Kattabomman to meet him in Ramanathapuram.

v  In the interview with the collector at Ramanathapuram, he was ill-treated.

v  When Kattabomman felt that he was in danger, he escaped with the help of Oomaithurai.

       Appearance before Madras Council:

v  Kattabomman appeared before Madras Council and a committee.

v  He reported how he was ill treated by Collector Jackson. The Committee found Kattabomman was not guilty and so Collector Jackson was dismissed from service.

       Confederacy of Palayakkarars:

v  South Indian Confederacy was formed by Marudhu Pandyan. Kattabomman  joined this confederacy against the wish of the British.

v  Marudhu brothers and Kattabomman decided on a confrontation with the English.

v  Kattabomman’s effort to bring the palayakkarar into the confederacy irritated the British.

v  So the army was sent to Tirunelveli under Bannerman.

    The siege of Panchalamkurichi:

v  On 1 September 1799, the British issued an ultimatum to Kattabomman to surrender.

v  Kattabomman gave an evasive reply. So Bannerman moved his entire army to Panchalamkurichi on 5th September.

v  When the fort was attacked Kattabomman escaped to Pudukottai.

    Betrayal of rajas of Ettayapuram and Pudukottai:

v  The British put a prize on Kattabomman’s head.

v  Because of the betrayal of rajas of Ettayapuram and Pudukottai Kattabomman was captured.

    Execution of Kattabomman:

v  The trial on Kattabomman was held in front of the palayakkarars. Kattabomman was insulted by Bannerman.

v  Kattabomman admitted all the charges levelled against him. Finally he was hanged to death at Kayathar.

 

2.    Highlight the tragic fall of Sivagangai and its outcome.

v  In 1801 Marudhu brothers issued a proclamation of independence which is called Tiruchirappalli proclamation.

v  Many palayakkarars united against the British.

v  The British got the support from Bengal, Ceylon and Malaya. Rajas of Pudukottai and Ettayapuram also supported the British.

v  The divide and rule policy of the British split the forces of the palayakkarars.

       Fall of Sivagangai:

v  The rebels were defeated by the English forces at Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Piranmalai and Kalayarkoil.

v  The rebels could not withstand the superior military strength and the able commanders of the English.

v  The rebellion failed and Sivagangai was annexed in 1801.

       Result:

v  Marudhu brothers were executed in the fort of Tirupathur.

v  Oomathurai and Sevathaiah were captured and beheaded.

v  Seventy three rebels were exiled to Penang in Malaya.

v  The palayakkarars fell to the English. The rebellion was suppressed.

v  The rebellion of Marudhu brothers is called South Indian rebellion.

       Carnatic Treaty, 1801:

v  The Carnatic Treaty was signed in 1801.

v  It led to the liquidation of local chieftains of Tamilnadu.

v  The British assumed direct control over Tamilagam.

v  The Palayakkarar system came to an end.

 

3.    Account for the outbreak of Vellore Revolt in 1806.

v  The British brought the districts of Salem, Dindigul and Coimbatore under their control.

v  By the Treaty of 1801, the nawab of Arcot had to cede five districts to the British.

v  The continuous resistance of little kings resulted in the Vellore revolt.

       Causes of the revolt:

    Grievances of Indian soldiers.

v  There was a strong sense of resentment among the Indian sepoys over low salary and lack of promotion.

v  The English officers did not respect the social and religious sentiments of Indian sepoys.

v  Many of the sepoys’ families were in dire economic straits.

v  The family members of Tipu had been interned in Vellore fort.

       New military regulations:

v  The English commander John Cradock introduced new regulations in the army.

v  The Indian soldiers were asked not to wear caste marks or ear rings when in uniform. They were ordered to shave their beard and trim their moustache.

v  The new turban and the leather cockade created resentment among the soldiers.

       Outbreak of the revolt:

v  On 10 July 1806, in the early hours, the sepoys started the revolt.

v  The first victim was Col. Fancourt. Next was Col. Mekerras. Within an hour nearly twelve English officers were killed.

       Suppression of the revolt:

v  Col. Gillespie reached the fort along with Captain Young.

v  In the meantime the rebels proclaimed Fateh Hyder as their new ruler and hoisted the tiger flag of Tipu over the fort.

v  However the British crushed the revolt. Hundreds of soldiers were killed.

 

VIII. Activities (For Students)

1.    Teacher can ask the students to prepare an album of patriotic leaders of early revolts against the British rule in Tamil Nadu. Using their imagination they can also draw pictures of different battles in which they attained martyrdom.

2.    Stage play visualising the conversation between Jackson and Kattabomman be attempted by students with the help of teachers.