10th Social Science History Solutions Chapter 9 | Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu - TEXTBOOK EVALUATION with KEY ANSWERS

 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu

I. Choose the Correct Answer

1.    Who was the first President of the Madras Mahajana Sabha?
  a) T.M. Nair
  b) P. Rangaiah
  c) G. Subramaniam
  d) G.A. Natesan                       
  Ans: b) P. Rangaiah

 

2.  Where was the third session of the Indian National Congress held?
a) Marina
b) Mylapore
c) Fort St. George
d) Thousand Lights                  
Ans: d) Thousand Lights

 

3.  Who said “Better bullock carts and freedom than a train de luxe with subjection”?
a) Annie Besant
b) M. Veeraraghavachari          
c) B.P. Wadia
d) G.S. Arundale
Ans: a) Annie Besant

 

4.    Who among the following were Swarajists?
 a) S. Satyamurti
 b) Kasturi Rangar                    
 c) P. Subbarayan
 d) Periyar EVR
 Ans: a) S. Satyamurti

 

5.  Who set up the satyagraha camp in Udayavanam near Madras?
a) Kamaraj
b) Rajaji
c) K.Santhanam
d) T. Prakasam
Ans: d) T. Prakasam

 

6.  Where was the anti-Hindi Conference held?
a) Erode
b) Madras
c) Salem
d) Madurai
Ans: c) Salem

II. Fill in the blanks

1. _______ was appointed the first Indian Judge of the Madras High Court.  
2. Nilakanta Brahmachari started the secret society named _______.
3. The Dravidian Association Hostel for non-Brahmin students was established by _______.
4. _______ formed the first Congress Ministry in Madras.
5. _______ was the founder of the Madras branch of the Muslim League.
6. _______ hoisted the national flag atop Fort St. George on 26 January 1932.

Answers :

1. T. Muthuswami
2. Bharata Matha Society
3. C. Natesanar
4. Rajaji
5. Yakub Hasan
6. Bhashyam

 

III. Choose the correct statement

 

1.      i)    Madras Native Association was founded in 1852.

         ii)   Tamil nationalist periodical Swadeshamitran was started in 1891.

         iii)  The Madras Mahajana Sabha demanded conduct of civil services examinations only in India

         iv)  V.S. Srinivasanar was an extremist.

         a) i) and ii) are correct

         b) iii) is correct

         c) iv) is correct

         d) All are correct

         Ans: a) i) and ii) are correct

 

2.      i)    EVR did not participate in the Non-Cooperation Movement.

         ii)   Rajaji worked closely with Yakub Hasan of the Muslim League.

         iii)  Workers did not participate in the Non-Cooperation Movement.

         iv)  Toddy shops were not picketed in Tamil Nadu.

         a)    i) and ii) are correct      

         b) i) and iii) are correct

         c)    ii) is correct

         d) i), iii) and iv) are correct

         Ans: c) ii) is correct

 

 

IV. Match the Following

I		II
1	MNA	a	Anti-Hindi agitation
2	EVR Periyar	b	Removal of Neill Statue
3	S.N. Somayajulu	c	Salt Satyagraha
4	Vedaranyam	d	Torture Commission
5	Thalamuthu	e	Vaikom Hero

 

Answers
1	MNA	d	Torture Commission
2	EVR Periyar	e	Vaikom Hero
3	S.N. Somayajulu	b	Removal of Neill Statue
4	Vedaranyam	c	Salt Satyagraha
5	Thalamuthu	a	Anti-Hindi agitation

 

V. Answer the questions briefly

1.  List out the contribution of the moderates.

• The moderates conducted hall meetings and they discussed the problems of the country in English.
• They conducted mass public meetings and used vernacular languages to address the larger public.

 

2.  Write a note on the Tirunelveli Uprising.

• V.O.C. and Subramania Siva organised public meetings to celebrate the release of Bipin. So they were arrested and sentenced to rigorous imprisionment.
• The arrest of these leaders sparked riots in Tirunelveli.

    Police station, court building and municipal office were burnt.

• The police shot dead four people.
• The leaders were arrested.

 

3.  What is the contribution of Annie Besant to India’s freedom struggle?

• Annie Besant started Home Rule League in 1916 and carried forward the demand for Home rule all over India.
• She and her supporters demanded Home rule with only a nominal allegiance to British Crown.
• She started the newspaper New India and Commonweal to carry forward her agenda.
• She wrote two books “How India wrought for freedom” and “India: A Nation’’.

 

VI. Answer in Detail

1.  Discuss the response to Swadeshi Movement in Tamil Nadu.

The partition of Bengal led to the Swadeshi Movement and changed the course of the freedom struggle.

• The Congress called upon the nation to promote Swadeshi enterprise and boycott foreign goods and promote national education.
• The Swadeshi movement had its deep impact in Tamil Nadu.
• The Congress carried on a vigorous campaign for boycott of foreign goods.
• V.O.Chidambaranar, V.Chakkaraiyar, Subramania Bharathi and Surendranath Arya were some of the prominent leaders in Tamil Nadu.
• Public meetings were organized in various parts of Tamilnadu. Thousands of people attended them.
• Subramania Bharathi’s patriotic songs stirred patriotic emotions.
• Many journals were started to propagate Swadeshi ideals.
• Swadeshamitran and India were prominent journals.
• Bipin Chandra Pal toured Madras and delivered lectures which inspired the youth
• Students and youths participated widely in the Swadeshi movement.

    Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company:

• V.O.Chidambaranar started Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company in Thoothukudi. He purchased two ships Gallia and Lavo and plied them between Thoothukudi and Colombo.

    Tirunelveli uprising:

• The arrest of V.O.C and Subramania Siva led to Tirunelveli uprising.
• In Tirunelveli a police station, court building and municipal office were burnt.
• Four people were killed in police firing.
• V.O.C. was treated harshly in prison. He was made to pull the heavy oil press.
• To avoid imprisonment Subramania Bharati moved to Pondicherry which was under the French rule.
• Many other leaders like Aurobindo Ghose and V.V. Subramanianar followed Bharati and left Tamil Nadu.

 

2.  Examine the origin and growth of Non-Brahmin Movement in Tamil Nadu.

    Madras Dravidian Association:

• The non - Brahmins organised themselves into political organisations to protect their interest.
• In 1912 Madras Dravidian Association was founded .
•  Its secretary
• C. Natesanar established the Dravidian Association Hostel for Non-Brahmin students.

    The South Indian Liberal Federation:

• On 20 November 1916 a meeting of about thirty non-Brahmins was held in Chennai under the leadership of P.Thyagarajar, T.M.Nair and C. Natesanar at Victoria Public Hall, Chennai.
• The South Indian Liberal Federation was founded to promote the interest of the non-Brahmins. SILF came to be called the Justice party.

    Justice ministry:

• The Justice party won 63 out of 98 elected seats in the Legislative Council in the elections in 1920.
• A. Subburayalu of the Justice party became the first Chief Minister.

 

3.  Describe the role of Tamil Nadu in the Civil Disobedience Movement.

• The Viceroy did not accept the demands put forward by Gandhi.
• So Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement.

    Salt March to Vedaranyam:

• Rajaji organised and led a salt Satyagraha march to Vedaranyam.
• The march started from Tiruchirappalli on 13 April 1930 and reached Vedaranyam on 28th April.
• A special song was composed for the march by Namakkal V. Ramalinganar.
• There was a warm reception to the Satyagrahis by the people all along the route.
• On reaching Vedaranyam 12 volunteers under the leadership of Rajaji broke the salt law by picking up salt.
• Rajaji was arrested for breaking the salt laws.
• Leaders like T.S.S.Rajan, Rukmani Lakshmipathi, Sardar Vedarathnam and K.Santhanam participated in the Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha.

    Agitations in Tamil districts:

• Under the leadership of T.Prakasam and K. Nageswara Rao the Satyagrahis set up a camp at Udayavanam. The police arrested them. It led to hartal in Madras. There were clashes with the police in Tiruvallikeni.
• People who tried to break salt law at Rameswaram were arrested.
• Mill workers struck work across the province.
• Rukmani Lakshmipathi was the first woman to pay penalty for violation of salt laws.
• Police used brutal force to suppress the movement.

    Role of Tirupur Kumaran:

• In Tirupur a procession which was going on carrying national flag was brutally beaten by the police. Tirupur Kumaran fell dead holding the national flag aloft.
• He is hailed as Kodikatha Kumaran.

 

VII. Activity (For Students)

1.    Students can be asked to write a sentence or two about the important places of freedom struggle in Tamil Nadu.

2.    Role Play: Students can be divided into groups and asked to debate the views of the Moderates, Extremists, Revolutionaries, Annie Besant’s supporters, Justice Party, and British Government.